RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) cards are small electronic devices that use radio waves to transmit data wirelessly. They typically consist of a microchip and an antenna, and can be used to store and transmit information such as identification numbers, access codes, and other data.

There are two basic type of Smart card

1. Contact cards : these cards have smart chip embedded in it so it must come in contacts with the reader
2. Contactless Cards : these cards have chip and antenna both due to which reader can read these cards without contacting the reader.